Phase 1 DB 2 Introduction to Social Psychology

450 WORDS LEAST PLEASE

Primary Task Response: Within the Discussion Board area, write 300–500 words that respond to the following questions with your thoughts, ideas, and comments. This will be the foundation for future discussions with your classmates. Be substantive and clear, and use examples to reinforce your ideas. 300–500 words. APA format. using reference below.

Social psychology is the study of how a person or a group’s feelings, thoughts, and behaviors are influenced by surrounding factors (social stimuli). One of the first major theorists to examine how external factors influence people was Kurt Lewin. Lewin is best known for his creation of field theory. Field theory is based on the concept that an individual must be understood within his or her “field” or external life space, including all of the person’s needs, goals, or external circumstances that might influence behavior. Of particular importance are Lewin’s descriptions of conflict situations. He described three common conflict situations, as follows (Lewin, 1951):

·         Approach-approach conflict: Occurs when a person needs to choose between two equally attractive and positive goals

·         Avoidance-avoidance conflict: Occurs when a person needs to choose between two negative options that are both equally unsatisfying

·         Approach-avoidance conflict: Occurs when a person is both attracted to and resistant of the same situation

It is possible to see the three main conflict situations frequently within one’s own life and those of others. One can also see how competing forces within a person’s field can lead to indecision or internal conflict.

·         Describe a situation from your own life in which you felt uncertain about a decision that you needed to make. Please make sure to use an example that you feel comfortable disclosing with your instructor and classmates.

o    Which type of conflict situation (approach-approach, avoidance-avoidance, or approach-avoidance) best fits your example, and why?

o    Describe some of the influencing factors within your field or life space at that time.

·         How did you resolve the conflict in your example?

o    Did you notice that your feelings about the decision became more or less positive or negative as you moved toward your goal? Describe this process.

o    Perhaps you found a way to delay making a decision. If so, describe how you managed to find a sense of equilibrium between the competing aspects of the conflict.

Reference

Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory in social science. New York, NY: Harper.

 

 

English 300 Definition Essay

Definition Essay is Due ________________.  It is to meet the following criteria:

1.      2-3pages in length; not including the Works Cited page

2.      Follow your formatting style and provide both in-text citing and a bibliography page.

3.      A clear thesis statement is required.

4.      Use a minimum of three outside sources for support and since you are defining a concept in your field of study and will be doing an annotated bibliography, keep that is mind for possibly using these three sources as part of that assignment.

5.      NEVER use Wikipedia – self policed websites cannot be counted on for truthful and credible information.

6.      A clean, printed, hard copy is to be turned in to the professor in class.

7.      The essays are due on the assigned day (on the syllabus) and will be docked one letter grade per day that they are late.  That means EVERY day, not just class days.

 

Purpose: The purpose for definition writing is to provide a more detailed and extended definition than is generally found in a dictionary or simple definition.  If you take an informative approach the tone should be detached and objective. If the tone takes a persuasive slant, the tone might be more urgent. A third possibility for definition is satiric, where a funny approach works well.   

When taking the purpose into account, it is imperative that the purpose be kept in mind so that the essay stays focused on the stated thesis.

 

Audience: If the essay is meant to inform for general readers, helpful sources should include examples, characteristics and origins.  If the essay is meant to persuade then the focus may shift toward a more emotional tone that ignites the reader’s feelings and wish for change.  If the approach is satiric the focus can show a more humorous definition but be sure to choose a topic that is appropriate for humor.  As always, the audience for college essays should be inclusionary and be for all to read and written at an adult level.

·         When developing the information to be added to a definition essay remember to:

·         1^st – choose a term that fulfills the definition requirement and is a topic that is broad enough to define (i.e. cult, friend, loyalty, academic honesty, effective parenting)

·         2^nd – Classify the term (i.e. Academic dishonesty – cheating)

·         3^rd – Characteristics (i.e. cheating on a test, looking up answers on a phone, plagiarism, copying another person’s homework, etc.)

·         Develop the extended definition by asking questions:

§  How does X look, taste, smell, feel and sound? (Narration)

§  What are some typical instances of X? (Exemplification)

§  How does X work? (Process Analysis)

§  What leads to X? What are X’s consequences? (Cause-Effect)

§  What does X do? (Narration)

·         What are X’s component parts? What different forms can X take? (Division-Classification)

·         What is X like or unlike? (Comparison-Contrast)

Organization and Development: Generally definition essays need to sharpen the focus of the reader by grabbing his or her attention by creating a very strong introduction that provides a brief, formal definition of the term that the extended definition will explore. Definition by negation is often helpful in that the essay can explore what a term is NOT. Another possibility for development is to create a stipulative definition that defines something in small terms. (Ex. Defined narrowly, a good student is one who gets good grades.) The introduction might also end with a plan of development. (Ex.  Academic dishonesty begins with doing something easily justified in a students’ mind, becomes an easy out, and ends with cheating becoming the normal mode of behavior.)

 

Criteria for Evaluation: 100 points (ie. 90 points if 90%, etc. but overall, 10% of your class grade)

30 points: Development

1.      Has clear introduction and thesis statement.

2.      Follows clear organizational pattern

3.      Has appropriate title in the correct placement

4.      Type of audience is considered

5.      Tone is appropriate for the topic

6.      Topic is supported fully

7.      Has clear transitions from point and paragraph to point and paragraph

8.      Style of conclusion is both suited to the topic and logical without adding new information

9.      Stays on topic and does not veer off in unnecessary directions

35 points: Grammar

1.      Has no comma splices

2.      Has no run-ons or fragments

3.      Uses correct pronoun agreement

4.      Uses varied sentence structure

5.      Spelling is carefully checked

6.      Word choice is clear and appropriate

7.      There is no faulty subject or verb agreement

8.      All sentences are parallel

9.      Commas and apostrophes are used correctly

10.  Underlining, italics, capital letters, etc. are correct

35 points: Proper Use of MLA

1.      Spacing is correct; without extra spaces used unnecessarily (2.0)

2.      Proper information is listed at the top and left (Name, Class, Assignment Type/#, Date)

3.      Name and page #’s are at the top right ½ inch from the top

4.      In-text citations are correct and in the right place

5.      Is the correct length with the correct number of sources

6.      The Works Cited page has the proper format and correct heading

7.      Information is properly credited to sources

 

8.       Has proper margins and fonts

Objectives: 

1. Teacher candidates describe how an individual’s abilities, interests, learning environments, and cultural and linguistic factors can be incorporated into the building of learning experiences for those individuals with exceptionalities. [CEC 5.1, InTASC 2(k)]

Topic Material:

Textbook1. Behavior Management: Principles and Practices of Positive Behavior Supports

Review chapter 2 and read chapter 3 in Behavior Management: Principles and Practices of Positive Behavior Supports.  

http://gcumedia.com/digital-resources/pearson/2013/behavior-management-principles-and-practices-of-positive-behavior-supports_ebook_3e.php

Electronic Resource1. Strategies for Teaching Culturally Diverse Students

Read “Strategies for Teaching Culturally Diverse Students,” from the TeacherVision website.

https://www.teachervision.com/teaching-methods/resource/6039.html

e-Library Resource1. Mindful Reflection as a Process for Developing Culturally Responsive Practices

Read pages 28-36 of “Mindful Reflection as a Process for Developing Culturally Responsive Practices,” by Dray and Wisneski, from Teaching Exceptional Children (2011). 

https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsbl&AN=RN297687682&site=eds-live&scope=site

2. Educating All Students: Creating Culturally Responsive Teachers, Classrooms, and Schools

Read “Educating All Students: Creating Culturally Responsive Teachers, Classrooms, and Schools,” by Brown, from Intervention in School & Clinic(2007). 

https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ehh&AN=26156208&site=ehost-live&scope=site

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assignment

 

Reflective Essay

Based on the article, “Mindful Reflection as a Process for Developing Culturally Responsive Practices,” prepare a 500-750-word reflective essay. Within your essay, address the following:

·         Describe personal frames of reference regarding cultural, linguistic, and gender differences;

·         Reflect upon how these differences influence your ability to create a learning environment that respectfully encompasses cultural and other individual differences; and

·         Describe specific ways to incorporate your student’s abilities, interests, and cultural and linguistic backgrounds into the learning environments.

Support your essay with 3-5 scholarly resources, including the Dray and Wisneski reading.

Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a grading rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. 

Week 2 DQ 1 word count 200-250

Explain how a teacher’s personal beliefs and values affect the classroom climate, management of student groups, and addressing problem behavior. 

                Week 2 DQ 2-word count 200 – 250

 

How can guidelines and rules in a classroom provide positive behavior supports instead of punishment while teaching students to interact in socially responsible ways?

families and social action forum and responses

Forum – 400 words

Responses – 100 words each    

 

Consider the same topic you chose for Forum 5, and present an argument for the opposite side. You will also use this topic as a basis for Assignment 2. 

400 Level Forum Grading Rubric	Possible points	Student points
Met initial post deadline (Wednesday)	10
Initial post is substantive	10
Initial post is at least 400 words	10
Initial post employs at least two citations; one can be text; other must be from an academic source	10

 

 

Forum 5:

The federal minimum wage is a basic earning one gets for working for an hour. It was first introduced in 1938 during the great depression and has since then evolved through time of the growth and transformation of the United State’s economy. The current federal minimum wage stands at 7.25 dollars per hour which was set back in the year 2009 (United States, 2015). In a present Americas economy, it becomes so challenging to survive with such a kind of pay; with the ever increasing cost of living many citizens are challenged and generally straggle to enjoy a stable life. This has coursed Americans to work overtime and even secure more than two Jobs in order to afford life in America.  If the federal government increased the minimum wage, it would spare its citizens and enhance Job growth for its economy. But on the other hand, to increase the minimum wage also means to force businesses to lay off workers due to high payments which could render them bankruptcy. It is also true that if the minimum wage was increased, the poverty levels in the nation would reduce drastically. Yet one should not forget that with high or increased minimum wage come a high cost of living (Fisher, Fortney & Practising Law Institute, 2016). 

If people harvest huge payment from their work this means that businesses have to sell their products high in order to have the money needed for the salary payments. This brings the assumption that the effect of higher minimum wage bill causes high cost of living is actually a balance to reduce poverty rather than increase. Because with a higher minimum wage bill which increases the cost of living the citizens can be able to afford the cost of living. This is also true with the current federal minimum wage; if the cost of life is in proportion to the minimum wage then people should be able to afford the cost of life with the current federal minimum wage (Clemens, Wither & National Bureau of Economic Research, 2014). This implies that sometimes it is not all about increasing the federal minimum wage, the solution could also be in the lowering of the cost of living to proportionate the current minimum wage such that citizens should not be subjected to overtime work or to doing two or three jobs round the clock to earn that extra coin to afford life. 

 

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References

Clemens, J., Wither, M., & National Bureau of Economic Research. (2014). The minimum wage and the Great Recession: : evidence of effects on the employment and income trajectories of low-skilled workers.

Fisher, M. R., Fortney, D. S., & Practising Law Institute. (2016). Wage & hour litigation and compliance, 2016. New York, New York: Practising Law Institute.

United States. (2015). Improving the federal wage and hour regulatory structure: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Workforce Protections, Committee on Education and the Workforce, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, second session, hearing held in Washington, DC, July 23, 2014.

 

 

 

 

 

First response:

New!Wk 6 Pt. 2: Opposing Argument to Juvenile Justice- Singleton

Artianna Singleton (Jul 11, 2016 9:15 AM) – Read by: 2Reply

 

Last Edited By Artianna Singleton on Jul 11, 2016 9:15 AM

Although juvenile delinquency was a problem in the past, there has been a major decline over the past decade.  The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (2014) report that there has been a decline of 65% in the arrest rates of juveniles.  Since there has been such a positive change in juvenile arrest, it might be time to focus less on the juvenile justice system and focus more solely on the criminal justice system.  

Juvenile delinquency reached its highest point in 1996 and has since decreased.  There has also been a dramatic change in the original mission of the juvenile justice system.  The original mission of the juvenile court system was “to help young law violators get back on the right track, not simply to punish their illegal behavior” and offered a “informal, quasi-civil court precisely in order to free it of the procedural complexities that prevent the criminal court from acting too aggressively” (Butts 2000).  However, the juvenile court system has strayed from the original objective and has become almost completely parallel with that of the criminal justice court system. Robert Dawson (2011) states, “the legal differences between the juvenile and criminal systems are now narrower than they have been at any point in our history.”  Due to the similarities between the criminal and juvenile court system, it seems like there is no need for separate systems.  It would be a better decision to merge the two and having policymakers put more focus on other policies such as minimum wage, health care, and homosexual rights. 

It has also been noted that some believe “the juvenile court ideal never existed in reality and that juvenile courts never offered more than a mirage of treatment within a constitutionally defective process” (Butts and Mitchell 2000).  I find this idea interesting, but not surprising.   In some cases, policies tend to be created in a way that sounds appealing to the public. However, in the grand scheme of things, courts will continue to do what they find best for their community and economy.  Policymakers and researchers are continuously putting their time and energy into a system that is starting to become more and more enmeshed in the criminal court system.   

In my opinion, the best decision will be to eliminate the juvenile justice system as one single system and integrate it into the criminal justice system.  There should still be some consideration when it comes to the age and crime of the juvenile, however, I do not see the need for a completely separate system for juveniles. The line between the two systems has already begun to fade away, so we might as well go ahead and call quits.  It is time to focus on larger things in order to make longer strides in bettering this nation.   

 

Reference: 

 

Butts, J. (2000). Can we do without juvenile justice? The Urban Institute. Retrieved fromhttp://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/alfresco/publication-pdfs/1000232-Can-We-Do-Without-Juvenile-Justice-.pdf 

Butts, J. and Mitchell O. (2000). Brick by brick: Dismantling the Border Between Juvenile and Adult Justice. Boundary Changes in Criminal Justice Organizations, Vol (2). Retrieved fromhttp://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/alfresco/publication-pdfs/1000234-Brick-by-Brick-Dismantling-the-Border-Between-Juvenile-and-Adult-Justice.PDF 

Dawson, R. O. (1990). The Future of Juvenile Justice: Is It Time to Abolish the System? The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology,81(1), 136. doi:10.2307/1143781  

Juvenile Arrest Rate Trends. (n.d.). Retrieved July 11, 2016, fromhttp://www.ojjdp.gov/ojstatbb/crime/JAR_Display.asp?ID=qa05200 

 

Second response:

Legalize Gambling

AMANDA MCNEELY (Jul 12, 2016 6:56 PM) – Read by: 2Reply

 

Legalizing gambling has its up and down sides.  I will present the negative effects of legalized gambling. 

Along with casinos comes entertainment, dining, and tourist activities (concerts, shows, etc.), and although they sound great, they may not be so great for the businesses that have already been well established. Although legalizing gambling would create many new jobs in the communities where they are built, the casinos themselves could end up monopolizing the entertainment businesses in the area, which in turn could jeopardize other businesses and cause them to downsize their staff because of lost business. 

Regarding families, legalizing gambling could negatively affect families by causing a gambling addiction.  “Using criteria developed by the American Psychiatric Association, the authors estimate that about 2.5 million adults are pathological gamblers and another three million adults are considered problem gamblers (Kearney, 2005).”  Costs associated with gambling, especially from a problem gambler could pose financial burdens on those with families.  According to a 1999 survey done by the National Opinion Research Center, the average divorce rate was more than double the rate of non-gamblers (Potenza et al, 2002). 

Gambling can be directly associated with higher rates of suicide.  Las Vegas has one of the highest suicide rates in the U.S. (Phillips, 1997).  After casinos were opened in Atlantic City, the suicide rates rose in the area also (Phillips, 1997).  Suicide does not only affect the residents of these communities, but the visitors to them as well.  People most at risk for committing suicide associated with gambling are people that are visiting a gambling area (Las Vegas), spouses or children or other family members of problem gamblers, gamblers that live in the area (not visiting), and employees of the casinos (Phillips, 19997).  So not only does gambling affect the gambler themselves, it affects their families and the community as well.  People, especially those with other addictive behavior, can get sucked into the world of gambling quickly and never recover.  If these problem gamblers were in closer proximity to gain access to gambling their lives could be negatively affected.

Overall, I am still uncertain which to choose.  I enjoy gambling occasionally.  I have gone to Las Vegas one time, and it was a lot of fun.  I have visited several Indian casinos in Colorado and South Dakota, and have also been to Canada a few times to gamble.  I have never lived around an area that had casinos, so I am not sure the impact to the community first hand. 

References:

Kearney, M. S. (2005). The economic winners and losers of legalized gambling. National Tax Journal, 58(2), 281-302. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/203277669?accountid=8289

Phillips, D. P., Welty, W. R., & Smith, M. M. (1997). Elevated suicide levels associated with legalized gambling. Suicide & Life – Threatening Behavior, 27(4), 373-8. Retrieved fromhttp://search.proquest.com/docview/224895942?accountid=8289

Potenza, M., Fiellin, D., Heninger, G., Rounsaville, B., & Mazure, C. (2002).  Gambling:  An Addictive Behavior with Health and Primary Care Implications.  General Internal Medicine. 2002 Sep; 17(9): 721–732. doi:  10.1046/j.1525-1497.2002.10812.x

 

 

 

Essay 2: Synthesis Argument, Comparison (Thesis due 9/16, Draft due 9/23, Final due 9/30 by midnight on Turnitin) For this essay I want you to do a rhetorical comparison of two political speeches. In essence this is a compare/contrast essay. Pick two speeches or articles that are on the same topic, but are by different politicians. They can argue for a different side of the same topic, or the same side. Who you pick and the topic are open, and you are not limited to recent speeches, though you must have English versions of them. You are then to compare how each speaker or writer uses rhetoric to sway people to their point of view. Using your critical reading skills break down and analyze things like imagery, word choice, figurative language, gender, class, racial, or sexuality relations (if appropriate to your choice of topic). Think about how these rhetorical choices affect things like ethos, pathos, logos, and kairos. Your thesis will argue which text has more effective rhetoric and why. For example, your thesis might read something like “Douglas’ use of rhetoric, most notably his vivid animal imagery, makes his writings against slavery especially effective when compared to John Doe’s.” You of course need to look at the scope of all the rhetoric you can, but this kind of thesis suggests you will pay special attention to one kind of imagery, as well as probably more attention to Douglas’ work than Doe’s. There are two dominant organization strategies for compare/contrast: addressing one side first and then the other, or looking at specific topics on both sides in each paragraph. I recommend the latter for this paper, but the choice is yours. Remember you need a strong introduction, a solid thesis, supporting evidence in the body of your paper, and a conclusion that explains why your rhetorical analysis of these two speeches/articles is important in a broader sense. I expect your paper to follow the following formatting rules:  Double spaced, 12 point Times New Roman font. Disable “Add extra space after paragraph” in Word 2003 and after.  1” margins all around. Those on Word 2007 and earlier should check their settings as the default is larger.  A header with your name, the assignment name, the class (ENGL 1102), and the date.  A title, centered under the header.  Your last name and the page number in the upper right hand corner of each page.  Four (4) full pages in length, NOT including the Works Cited or Consulted. I lower the final grade of a paper by 1 grade level (a B+ becomes a B) for each half page you are under the total.  You must directly quote from each speech/article in the paper with a proper in-text citation.  A works cited page that has a proper bibliographic entry for each speech/article, and any outside research you mention in your paper.  A works consulted page with any works you looked at but did not cite (OPTIONAL).