Then follow the directions below:

1. Review your first draft of essay two and complete the exercise suggested in the document: ” Tips for using transitions”. Read through your first draft essay and then summarize each paragraph from your essay.  Essentially, you will briefly state what each paragraph in your first draft is about. Use as few words as possible to describe each paragraph. Write these few words next to each paragraph in the margin of your essay.
2. Once you have completed the notes for all paragraphs, take the notes from the margins and plug them into a list; make sure the list is in order representing your paragraphs first, second, third… to last paragraph. If you have a total of 8 paragraphs then your list should have 8 phrases or sentences.
3. Study the list. This list represents the general outline of your first draft. Looking closely at the list you will notice if the order of points makes sense, if it seems, repetitive, out of order or is missing something. If you notice anything you’d like to explore, revise or change make a note or stop and change it before moving on.
4. After examining the list, explain why you have set up the paragraphs (ideas) in this order. How does the order you have chosen make sense and help the reader follow your argument? Are you using a chronological order or some other type of pattern to create a logical flow? Have you used any transitional phrases? If you notice that the list does not look like it fits together well, revise the list so it is more unified then go back and revise the essay by shifting paragraphs or ideas to create more connection and unity. Each paragraph in your essay should build upon the previous paragraph while also preparing for the next paragraph.
5. WHAT TO SUBMIT:  Once you complete steps 1-5, submit your finalized list and include a paragraph explaining the reason you chose to put your essay in the order you did.

 (Need in 4 hours)

In this week’s discussion forum, we will be summarizing a published work, and examining different viewpoints regarding the controversial topic of stereotyping.  After summarizing the given article, explore differing viewpoints regarding the topic of stereotyping.

Finding a source

Use the EBSCO host link to find the following article:

Lun, J., Sinclair, S., & Cogburn, C. (2009). Cultural stereotypes and the self: A closer examination of implicit self-stereotyping. Basic & Applied Social Psychology, 31(2), 117-127. doi:10.1080/01973530902880340

Summarizing a published work

Your initial post should respond to each of following discussion elements:

Step 1: Summarizing a source

1. Write a brief summary of the argument presented in the article above. Remember that summaries do not go into great detail. Your summary should have enough information for the reader to understand the focus (thesis) of the article and how the author supports the thesis. Your summary should contain all the following elements:
2. Introduce the article by its author and title
3. Explain the author’s argument (what does the author claim and what are the supporting reasons)
4. What the does article tell us about individuality or identity?
5. Use in-text citations to identify when you are using the author’s ideas.
6. Quote a passage that struck you as interesting or enlightening and explain why.
7. Introduce the quotation carefully with a signal phrase, such as, “Lun, Sinclair, & Cogburn explain that…”, and
8. Include an in-text citation including a page number to cite your quotation.

Step 2: Examining Different Viewpoints

1. One of the most interesting things about stereotypes is how they can affect the actions of those who have been stereotyped. Think of a stereotype you’re familiar with.
2. Which came first, the label or the trait?
3. How can the things that other people say about us affect who we become?

Step 3: Create a References Page

1. At the end of your discussion post, create a references page:
2. Type the word “References”
3. Enter a line break
4. Provide the full citation (in APA format) for your selected 

Argument Essay Assignment

Our final essay counts 300 points, so it is extremely important that you do a good job on it. I’ve read the Discussion Board 5.1 entries and there are several proposed topics that just won’t work for this final essay. Do not write about an over-worked, overly complex topic like legalizing marijuana. It’s simply too broad to discuss adequately in an essay of 1200 to 1500 words. Do not write about a topic you have already written about or one that involves mainly historical events. This assignment is an argument essay, not a Wikipedia article or a history report. I want to read your argument, supported by properly documented research and at least five works cited. Please put your thesis statement as the last sentence in the first paragraph. That way I will be sure to know what you intend your thesis to be. 

Do not use first person in this essay. Terms like “I believe” and “I feel” have no place in a formal register essay. For example, to say “I believe that genetically modified fruits provide a better product” is NOT arguable. No one can argue that you believe that. However, to say “Genetically modified fruits provide a better product” certainly is arguable. This assignment is an argument essay, so it MUST have a thesis statement (one sentence) that presents a clearly arguable assertion. That statement must then be supported by sound research and at least five citations.

Please adhere to these important requirements for your final essay:

I need a draft and a final essayAssignment DescriptionFor this essay, you should choose a topic from the Gale resource on Opposing Viewpoints (see below) and write a 4-5 page essay that argues a clearly defined position about that topic. The essay should have an introduction that has a clear thesis statement and demonstrates the relevance of your topic, several body paragraphs that each make focused claims, and a conclusion.In upper level courses, you will often be asked to demonstrate your ability to converse with other scholars in your field. Your job is to change the reader’s mind about a particular subject and persuade the reader into believing your argument. Your paper must be written so that it is accessible to readers from a different perspective. In other words, be fair and unbiased when acknowledging what others say about your topic, but then prove why they are wrong using logical reasons and credible evidence. In this essay, you must synthesize various sources while persuading the reader to accept your viewpoint. You do not want to simply report what others are saying, but engage in a dialogue with them.Purpose and Learning ObjectivesThe purpose of this assignment is to practice persuasive writing and synthesis of sources. You will increase your critical thinking skills by analyzing yours and others’ assumptions, evaluating multiple perspectives, and developing a clear position. Writing, research, and eloquent written expression are vital for a successful future. You will express all of these skills in this assignment. This essay will be used as the English department assessment for the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board’s mandated core curriculum assessment of Student Learning Outcomes (SLO). This essay will address the SLO objectives of critical thinking and written communication.Your research paper should demonstrate the following learning objectives:

• Awareness of the audience to whom you are speaking
• Awareness of the purpose of your argument
• Ability to enter into a scholarly conversation
• Ability to write a qualified and narrow argumentative thesis statement
• Ability to synthesize information from various sources
• Ability to craft an argument with different types of relevant, credible, and detailed support
• Ability to research  and identify academic sources
• Ability to summarize, paraphrase, and quote while citing correctly in MLA to avoid plagiarism
• Ability to converse in standard, academic English
• My topic is: Arguments for and against the use of Vaccines

Minimum Requirements

• 1,200-1,500 word essay (4-5 pages)
• An interesting and informative title
• A clearly stated thesis in the introduction that articulates your position and what you want to argue in your paper.
• Logical and clear reasons supporting your argument
• A document formatted in correct MLA format
• 5 sources (peer-reviewed journals, books, and reliable web sources) 
• One of your sources must disagree with your argument and be used to create a counterargument. A counterargument occurs when you show what the opposing side claims and then refutes that side. For instance, if I am arguing that public schools should require children to be vaccinated unless a documented medical reason prohibits vaccination, then I might cite a source that argues that vaccinations are dangerous. I would show one or two main reasons the source gives and then show why those reasons are invalid as I prove my point about the need for vaccines.
• A refutation of opposing arguments (in the counterargument)
• A synthesis of sources; do not simply summarize your source material, but show how they are connected and respond to them.
• A works cited page in MLA format with corresponding in-text citations. The works cited page should be included in the same document as your essay.

If you fail to meet the minimum requirements, you should not expect to earn higher than a D on the essay (but perhaps much lower).Due DatesRefer to the assignment calendar for due dates for this assignment.Remember, the grade for the peer review is separate from the grade for the essay. See the guidelines for peer review for instructions about completing the peer review process.Process of Completion Here are a few steps that might help you develop your essay:

1. Choose your topic from the ones provided for this unit (see below).
2. Once you’ve found a topic, determine if it needs to be narrowed or if a particular focus might help the argument. 
3. For instance, if you were writing about obesity, you might need to find a slant that creates a more interesting argument than “obesity is a problem” (of course it’s a problem!). Narrowing helps a bit, but not enough: “to avoid obesity, Americans should exercise more” (of course Americans should exercise more!). But what if we narrow the topic further: “schools in Texas need to ban unhealthy foods from the lunch menu and eliminate vending machines with unhealthy snacks and sodas.” This sentence establishes a more focused and nuanced argument than the earlier topic of obesity. To create a more interesting topic, you might then move to question who is responsible for obesity. Is it individuals, corporations, cultural norms, the government, or some other entity? What can we do to change the culture in the United States so that obesity is not so prevalent? The more focused and nuanced the topic, the better the paper usually is. Starting with the topics from the list below, try to find a focused topic for your essay.
4. After narrowing your topic, you should make a list of everything you know about the topic and everything you want to know. This list will guide your research.
5. Now, you’re ready to start researching. Be sure to only include reliable sources in your research and to take careful notes to avoid accidentally plagiarizing your sources later. As you research, remember that plagiarism is still a serious offense even if you just forget to cite a source. Always keep notes of where you get information and be prepared to cite the information correctly.
6. Be sure to allow a few days to draft your essay. You want to be sure you don’t forget any of the wonderful arguments you developed during the invention and research phases. You may also want to outline the major points of the essay before drafting.
7. Always allow several days to revise the essay. You will get comments during peer review, and you should consider those comments carefully.
8. Finally, be sure to edit your essay for mistakes in grammar, punctuation, and proofreading. 

Potential Topics Choose your topic from the Gale Opposing Viewpoints database: http://ic.galegroup.com.dcccd.idm.oclc.org/ic/ovic/?p=OVIC&u=txshracd2500 

• U.S. Borders (Emigration & Immigration)
• Cuba & Immigration
• Children of illegal immigrants
• Public Transportation
• Civil Rights
• Popular Culture
• Culture of Beauty
• Celebrity Culture
• Renewable Energy
• Animal Experimentation
• Technology & Education
• Vaccines
• Privacy
• Criminal Justice
• Millennial Generation
• Genetically Modified Foods
• Instructions for Peer Review Peer reviews are an essential part of the revision process, as it’s important to receive feedback on your writing. Even the best writers ask for others to read their work. All you need to do is turn to the acknowledgement section of many books to find praise for others who have read drafts of the book. All important writing should be read by someone else prior to submission.  To earn credit for peer review, you must submit a draft to the peer review discussion board by the due date and comment on one of your classmates’ drafts by the second due date (the schedule lists two due dates: the first is when you must submit your draft; the second is when you must submit your responses to others). You must submit a draft AND comment on someone else’s draft to earn any credit for peer review. Just submitting a draft OR just commenting on someone’s draft will not earn credit. Posting Your Draft 
• To post your draft, go to the discussion board for peer review included within the unit.
• Create a new thread and post your draft as an attachment.  Your attachment must be saved as a .doc or .docx document. Please ensure that your draft uploads correctly.
• Responding to Classmates 
• Select a classmate’s thread and download his/her attached draft.
• Reply to his/her thread to indicate the draft is under review (i.e. John Dow is currently reviewing the document).  Do not select the paper if someone else is already reviewing.
• Read the draft carefully and respond to the questions listed below, either in a new document or at the top of your classmate’s document. At the very least, you must answer the questions, but you can also use the “Comment” function in Microsoft Word to write comments to your classmates within the essay (put your cursor where you want the comment, go to the “Review” tab in Microsoft Word, and select “New Comment”).
• Complete the review and save the document to your computer.
• Once you have completed the review, reply to your classmate’s thread and upload the review.
• Questions for Peer Review 1. Read your peer’s essay from beginning to end just to let its ideas wash over you.  What are your initial thoughts? Did your peer satisfy the requirements of assignment?  Please explain in detail.  2. Review the essay’s title as well as its introduction and conclusion.  Think about the relationships among these three components. Do they match or do they disagree? Make note of strengths or weaknesses in these crucial areas.  Please explain in detail.  3. Find the essay’s thesis.  Is it clear? Is it well positioned? Paraphrase (put in your own words) the thesis of the essay to check your understanding. Review the assignment guidelines to ensure that your peer’s thesis is on target. Make note of strengths or weaknesses in this area. Please explain in detail.  4. Focus on the individual paragraphs of the essay.  Does each paragraph have a topic sentence that previews the ideas of the paragraph? Observe the essay’s development of paragraphs.  Does each paragraph have a single main idea that relates to the thesis?  Are there any paragraphs that seem disconnected or out of place?  5. Consider the essay’s use of the English language.  Are sentence structures, grammar, spelling, punctuation and mechanics employed effectively, or do errors distract the reader from understanding and enjoying the writer’s analysis? Make note of strengths and weaknesses in this area.  Please explain in detail.  Remember: When in doubt about how to do the peer review, be honest, helpful, and constructive. Saying “Great job! Don’t change a word!” never helped anyone to be a better writer.

Assignment 3: Presentation: “Biggest Challenges Facing Organizations in the Next 20 Years” 

In this assignment, you will create a PowerPoint presentation that outlines what you believe will be the biggest challenges facing organizations in the next twenty (20) years.

Faculty Note: For students taking this course online, if there is a hardship for any student in being able to secure a microphone to complete this assignment, the student is allowed to use the notes section of PowerPoint to write a narrative of what they would say if actually presenting / narrating.

Write an eight (8) slide presentation in which you:

1.     Provide a title slide (as indicated in the format requirements below) followed by a slide with an introduction to your presentation. 

2.     Presentation should include your choice of the five (5) challenges you believe organizations will face in the next twenty (20) years. Only include one (1) challenge and your explanation for choosing that challenge per slide for a total of five (5) slides. 

3.     Provide one (1) summary slide which addresses key points of your paper. 

4.     Narrate each slide, using a microphone, indicating what you would say if you were actually presenting in front of an audience. 

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements: 

·         Format the PowerPoint presentation with headings on each slide and three to four (3-4) relevant graphics (photographs, graphs, clip art, etc.), ensuring that the presentation is visually appealing and readable from 18 feet away. Check with your professor for any additional instructions. 

·         Include a title slide containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

·         Understand human behavior in organizations and the forces shaping that behavior while analyzing the individual differences within those organizations and their impact on organizational behavior. 

·         Analyze the facets of organizational culture, including influences and functions, challenges related to changing the culture, and the impact of culture on organizational performance.

·         Use technology to research issues affecting organizational behavior in order to deliver assignments which are clear, concise and have proper writing mechanics.

·         Write clearly and concisely about operations management using proper writing mechanics.